A year ago, I averred that “[o]ne of the least talked-about but most consequential results of a failure to prevent Iran from becoming a nuclear power is that it would almost certainly persuade the Saudis to follow suit.” In that post, I quoted Saudi Prince Naef bin Ahmed Al-Saud, a colonel in the Saudi Armed Forces with responsibilities for strategic planning as follows:

Though nations can’t choose their location, they can determine how to deal with geographic realities. Surrounded by states with great ambitions, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is as large as the United States east of the Mississippi and has vast wealth for a relatively small population. Not only does it have huge oil reserves; its extensive coastlines on both the Red Sea and Persian Gulf overlook nearby vital sealanes. It also has long borders with neighbors. Despite its size, most oil fields as well as many ports and urban centers are close to other local powers. Saudi Arabia must weigh the implications of its geostrategic location and international politics as various states pursue dominance in the area.[emphasis added] This applies not only to the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, but also to the Horn of Africa, another area suffering from chronic instability.

In an article titled “Eye on Iran, Rivals Pursuing Nuclear Power,” today’s New York Times has this to say:

    Two years ago, the leaders of Saudi Arabia told international atomic regulators that they could foresee no need for the kingdom to develop nuclear power. Today, they are scrambling to hire atomic contractors, buy nuclear hardware and build support for a regional system of reactors.

    So, too, Turkey is preparing for its first atomic plant. And Egypt has announced plans to build one on its Mediterranean coast. In all, roughly a dozen states in the region have recently turned to the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna for help in starting their own nuclear programs. While interest in nuclear energy is rising globally, it is unusually strong in the Middle East.

    “The rules have changed,” King Abdullah II of Jordan recently told the Israeli newspaper Haaretz. “Everybody’s going for nuclear programs.”

    The Middle East states say they only want atomic power. Some probably do. But United States government and private analysts say they believe that the rush of activity is also intended to counter the threat of a nuclear Iran.

Avoiding nuclear proliferation throughout the Middle East is the most important reason to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapons capability. The possibility of Sunni and Shi’a Muslims—enemies for more than 1,300 years—targeting each other with nuclear weapons is the most frightening future I can think of. Not next year or the year after. But maybe in time for the centennial of the First World War.